Can my corporation purchase a vehicle from me, and if so, are there any tax benefits or hinderences?
yes and yes
personal use of a vehicle is never deductible. never. so, you have to keep a mileage log and:
send yourself a W-2 for all personal use at the IRS mileage rates.
or, have a personal vehicle and using it for company business allows you to deduct the company portion at IRS mileage rates.
Or the company could reimburse you for company miles at IRS mileage rates and deduct the payment, which is not income to you.
whichever way you choose, all three amount to the same amount of deduction to the business.
Although, having a corporate car probably allows you to “fudge” more.